Awareness of Population Explosion Issues on Female Adult

 

Dr. Chanam Sonia Devi

Assistant Professor, Department of ACEE, Manipur University, Canchipur

 

ABSTRACT:

Population explosion refers the sudden and rapid rise in the size of population, especially human population. The main cause of population explosion is increased of birth rate, decreased infant mortality rate and improved life expectancy. A drastic growth in population beyond normal limits is called population explosion. It is more prominent in under-developed and developing countries than in developed countries. Over-population has been major problem in India. It is a great menace to our economic growth. Objective: The present study is to examine their awareness regarding population explosion and to study the attitudes of female adults (15-35yrs) in the Bishnupur District, Manipur. Data Source and Methodology: The data were collected with the help of the interview schedule developed by the investigator. In order to make an in-depth study of the present work, the normative survey method has been adopted. Results: The present study found from the analysis that the main reasons for failure to control the problem were lack of knowledge and awareness about the population explosion issues.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Population matters is raising awareness of the cost of humanity and other species of unsustainable human numbers and promoting smaller families as part of a sustainable future. Population explosion defined as a significant number of people staying in the individual area. Population explosion refers the sudden and rapid rise in the size of population, especially human population. The main cause of population explosion is increased of birth rate, decreased infant mortality rate and improved life expectancy. A drastic growth in population beyond normal limit is called population explosion. It is more prominent in under-developed and developing countries than in developed countries. Over-population has been major problem in India.

 

 

It is a great menace to our economic growth. The efforts to remove the curse of population problem have only been partially effective. Advances in medical science and other well-improved public health measures have greatly reduced the death-rate. But the birth rate has continued to remain more or less stationary. Ignorance, illiteracy, unhygienic living and lack of proper recreation have remained the cause of population explosion in India. Both men and women should realize the danger of over-population. Both educated and uneducated, all section of the society is in the need of developing a positive attitude to reduce the population growth for saving the environment from further deterioration. The explosion of population has led to poverty, environmental degradation, scarcity of food grains leading to the deterioration of the quality of life. Hence there is need to maintain the growth of the population for protecting the natural resources.

 

Awareness made by the government:

The Government creates more awareness program throughout the country. The Government starts the program of family planning from 1952 to reduce birth rates. India is the first country in the world to launch this program. The Government is still trying to aware the people for family planning campaign. In this process, the Government has undertaken various programs; one of them is the National Conferences on population education which was held on October, 1971 in New Delhi. However, the National Steering Committee on Population Education at its meeting held on 14^th May, 1984, recommended that suitable provision should be made for population education program in higher education, school education, both formal, non-formal education and adult education.

 

Causes of Population explosion: Some of the causes of population explosion are:

Increase in birth rate- Due to lack of awareness about the positive impact of using birth-control method, there has been a steady growth in birth rate.

 

Decreases of infant mortality rate- Due to advancement of medical science and technology as well as wide usage of preventive drugs (vaccines), has reduced the infant mortality rate. There has been great improvement in medical and health-care facilities during the past few decades.

 

Growth of life expectancy-The growth of life expectancy of human population has improved significantly due to improve living conditions, better hygiene and sanitation habits, better nutrition, health education etc.

 

High level of illiteracy- The resources available are rigid. In theory and practice, the total available resources are shared by the people using them. Population explosion is the key reason for illiteracy in our country. People engage their children in economic activities rather than providing them education.

 

Effect of Population Explosion:

Population explosion has caused more pressure on earth. We should save energy so that the entire population can enjoy its benefit. To save our earth needs to understand it by the people living around. To be more practical and control the issues the effects of population explosion should be aware as well as to bring the national harmony and peace. Some of the important points discuss below:

 

Unemployment- In our developing country, with a backward economy and little scope for fruitful employment, millions of people were unemployed. It leads our people frustrated, demoralize, losing their faith in life. 

 

Large Population-Population explosion may lead to over populated which affects the earth and poses a threat to the environment.

 

Poverty- Due to overpopulation large masses of people lives in poverty. It also noted that poverty is because with the high birth rate, low standard of living and it affects the population explosion.

 

Economy-People need food, shelter, clothes and occupation to make their livelihood. The demand for consumption should never exceed the production or resource limit. The economy of our country is mass population explosion beyond the tolerance limit which negatively impacted.

 

Health condition- If people do not have adequate food and nutrition, which may suffer from health condition.

 

Population and Global Warming- Overpopulation cause too much pressure on earth. It arises excessive demand to over-industrialization and over-utilization of resources that also affects at water and polluted the air. Thus, the poisonous gases released due to burning of fossil fuels which is hazardous and harmful it leads and responsible for Global warming.

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

The present study is to examine the awareness regarding population explosion and to study the attitudes of female adults (15-35) years in the Bishnupur District, Manipur.

 

METHODOLOGY:

In the present study, an effort is made to examine the female adults regarding awareness of population explosion in Bishnupur District of Manipur. The present study has been adopted a normative survey method. The sample comprises of 300 female adults (50 each from 6 constituencies of Bishnupur District) i.e. 25 educated and 25 uneducated female was selected randomly.

 

The data was collected with the help of interview schedule prepared by the investigator for the female adult (15-35) years. To explore their certain background usually Yes/No responses were devised.

 

Analysis and Interpretation of data:

The analysis and interpretation of the data was entirely based on the response given by the respondents related to some items. 

 

Analysis of the item in interview schedule (Female 15-35yrs)

Item	Number of Respondents (300 nos) Educated-150 Uneducated-150		Percentage (%)
	Yes	No	Yes	No
Poverty and Unemployment	300 Educated-150 Uneducated-150	Nil	100	Nil
Increase in population affects the socio-economic development	300 Educated-150 Uneducated-150	Nil	100	Nil
Population and tension among respondents	255 Educated-130 Uneducated-125	45 Educated-20 Uneducated-25	85	15
Education necessary for population explosion issues	300 Educated-150 Uneducated-150	Nil	100	Nil
TV provides maximum news on population explosion	120 Educated-52 Uneducated-68	180 Educated-98 Uneducated-82	40	60
Radio provides maximum news on population explosion	180 Educated-95 Uneducated-85	120 Educated-55 Uneducated-65	60	40
Over population causes natural degradation	300 Educated-150 Uneducated-150	Nil	100	Nil
Over population causes environmental degradation	200 Educated-100 Uneducated-100	100 Educated-50 Uneducated-50	90	10

 

From the above analysis the interpretation were drawn on the basis of percentage of the female adult (15-35yrs) both educated and uneducated in the Bishnupur district of Manipur.

 

Poverty and Unemployment:

All the 300 respondents agreed that with the rise of population, people have started facing the problems of food, shelter and clothing also leads to lot of poverty and unemployment. 100% of the total respondents from both educated and uneducated female adult agreed that population is a great issue in the state or country.

 

Increase in population affects the socio-economic development:

It also found from the above table that all the respondents both educated and uneducated female agreed that economic development of the state or country are affected by the growth of the population. 50% of the 150 and 50% of uneducated respond equally regarding socio-economic development and its relationship to population.

 

Population and tension among respondents:

85% of the respondents were in favour that population leads to tension among them 135 are from educated female adult group and 120 are from uneducated female adult group making 255 in number, 15% of the respondent does not agree to this and among them 45 educated and 85 uneducated female adult contribute to from 130 out of total no.300

 

Education necessary for population explosion issues:

All the 300 respondents agreed that education is the only means/tools applicable to all communities for control of population explosion.

 

TV provides maximum news on population explosion:

According to the respondents TV provides only 40% of the population explosion news while 60% deny that TV is not the medium that provides maximum news on population explosion issues.

 

Radio provides maximum news on population explosion:

From the above table it reveals that 60% of the respondents agree that radio provides the maximum news on population explosion issues. Out of the total 300, 80 educated and 100 uneducated female adult agree while 40% deny it.

 

Over population causes natural degradation:

100% of the respondents agree that over population causes the natural resources and exploited to the extinction of various animals plants etc. which lead to the problems for future generation.

 

Over population causes environmental degradation:

From the study it indicates that 90% of the respondents agree that due to population increase day by day the people faces various issues like loss of wildlife due to clearance of forest, extinct of local fish, insects, animals etc. while only 10% of the respondents were not.

 

Findings of the study:

The respondent of the female in Bishnupur district agree and aware that due to population explosion arises in poverty and unemployment. It also affects on socio-economic development in the community as well as in the state. The respondent of the adult female (15-35yrs) both educated and uneducated agree that population explosion causes environmental related problems like health problem, environmental degradation which further affects on natural degradation. It also found that the lack of knowledge and information regarding population explosion issues among the uneducated group is more due to illiteracy and ignorance of the facts.

 

It also observed that lack of proper education and awareness among the female adults mainly the uneducated groups hampered the process of sustainability. The study also found that proper awareness and education is necessary to uneducated female in the district to improve their attitudes towards population explosion related issue. It also found that the radio exposure about population explosion issues has more important than the TV exposure according to respondents. The respondent further agrees that due to population explosion causes natural degradation and also highly affected an environmental degradation. 100% of educated and uneducated opinion that population explosion affects the natural degradation but only 10% in favour of environmental degradation.

 

CONCLUSION:

From the present study, it is found that education and awareness is the key to reduce the pace of population explosion issues at the district. Thus, it is necessary to improve the educational standards of the people through formal, non-formal and adult literacy programs. The population explosion should form the part of the curriculum at various levels of education.

 

The results also conclude that the information relating to the population explosion issues should be disseminated among the people by using various means such as oral propagation through religious leaders.  The study found that radio and TV that exposure is quite low. It also concluded that female adult (15-35yrs) was understood about the important problems faced by the society due to population explosion issue. The main reasons for failure to control the problem were lack of knowledge and awareness about the issues. The problem of population explosion can be solved only by creating awareness and educating the people to control birth rates. The advantages of adopting to various birth control methods should be properly explained to the people for expected result.

 

Suggestion:

It is high time to make all the people living in our state or country aware the population explosion issues. It can also help the female adult by encouraging, informative and challenging to bring the society safety and healthy environment. The most important aspects are to develop positive attitude towards population explosion issues with a sense of commitment to preserve it.

 

REFERENCES:

1.      Aggarwal, J.C. (2010): Population Education.  Shirpra Publications

2.      Ambash, R.S..et.al (1994): Environment and Population: An Ecological Approach. Students Friends Co., Lanka, Varanasi.

3.      Gopal Bhargava. (1992): Population and its Control. Mittal Publications, New Delhi.

4.      Manivasakam, N.(1992):Environmental Pollution. National Book Trust India, 1992.

5.      Salkar, K.R. (1998): Population Education for Developing Countries. Sterling Publishers.

 

 

 

Accepted on 20.02.2019            © A&V Publications All right reserved